About Colorectal Cancer
Understanding Colorectal Cancer
Colorectal cancer is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer (excluding skin cancer) in both men and women in the United States. The American Cancer Society estimates approximately 149,000 new cases of colorectal cancer in the U.S. each year.
A Message of Hope
Thanks to advances in screening and treatment, the death rate from colorectal cancer has been steadily declining over the past two decades. Early detection and improved therapies are giving patients more treatment options and better outcomes.
Why Choose MyMichigan Health?
- Partnership with University of Michigan cancer care specialists
- Commission on Cancer accredited Medical Centers in Alma, Alpena, and Midland
- Multidisciplinary care from surgeons, medical oncologists, and radiation oncologists
- Comprehensive treatment options including surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy
What is Colorectal Cancer?
Colorectal cancer begins in the colon or rectum when abnormal cells grow uncontrollably. The colon is the first part of the large intestine, responsible for absorbing water and nutrients and storing waste. The rectum is the final section of the large intestine that leads to the anus. Cancer in these areas can often be detected early, leading to more successful treatment.
Signs & Symptoms
Early detection greatly increases the chances of effective treatment. Talk to your doctor if you experience:
- Change in bowel habits
- Narrow, pencil-thin stools
- Rectal bleeding or blood in the stool
- Persistent abdominal discomfort, such as cramps
- A feeling that the bowel doesn't completely empty
- Unexplained weight loss
Risk Factors
Certain factors may increase your risk of developing colorectal cancer:
- Family history of colorectal cancer or hereditary polyp disorders
- Inflammatory bowel conditions (e.g. Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis)
- High-fat, low-fiber diet
- Smoking and excessive alcohol use
- Sedentary lifestyle
- Obesity
- Jewish or Eastern European ancestry
Importance of Early Detection
The five-year survival rate for colorectal cancer is 90% when caught at an early, localized stage. Common screening tests include:
- Digital Rectal Exam (DRE) – A quick physical exam to detect abnormalities
- Fecal Occult Blood Test (FOBT) – A test to detect hidden blood in stool
- Flexible Sigmoidoscopy – A visual exam of the lower colon and rectum
- Colonoscopy – A comprehensive exam of the entire colon
- Double-contrast Barium Enema – An X-ray exam after filling the colon with barium and air
- Given® Diagnostic System (Smart Camera) – A capsule-sized camera swallowed by the patient to take internal photos as it moves through the digestive tract
When Should You Get Screened?
Beginning at age 45, both men and women should undergo routine screening. Discuss the following options with your provider:
- Yearly FOBT
- Flexible sigmoidoscopy every 5 years
- FOBT plus sigmoidoscopy every 5 years
- Double-contrast barium enema every 5 years
- Colonoscopy every 10 years
Those with higher risk factors may require earlier or more frequent screenings.
Prevention Starts Now
You can reduce your risk of colorectal cancer by:
- Eating a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and fiber
- Limiting saturated fats
- Exercising regularly (at least 30 minutes most days)
- Limiting alcohol
- Quitting smoking
Board Certified Colon & Rectal Surgeons
Our board-certified colon and rectal surgeons offer advanced treatment for a wide range of conditions:
- Colon and rectal cancer
- Diverticulitis
- Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis
- Hemorrhoids and anal fissures
- Fecal incontinence and pelvic floor disorders
- Rectal prolapse
- Inherited colorectal cancer syndromes
- Volvulus (colon twisting)
Early detection can save lives. Talk to your provider about colorectal cancer screening today.
Learn more about Colon & Rectal Robotic Surgery
MyMichigan Health Colon & Rectal Surgeon Kristin Busch, M.D., discusses the advantages of minimally invasive surgery using the da Vinci Robotic Surgery System.
Understanding Colonoscopy Screening
MyMichigan Health Colon & Rectal Surgeon Kristin Busch, M.D., discusses the importance of early detection and explains the colonoscopy procedure.
